Literary and Philosophical References
- Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time (referenced throughout)
- William Shakespeare, Hamlet (referenced throughout)
- Poet Edna St. Vincent Millay (5.12)
- F. Scott Fitzgerald (7.60)
- Elie Wiesel (7.80)
- Susan Sontag (7.87)
- Ovid, The Metamorphosis (10.1)
Historical References
- The bombing of Dresden (referenced throughout)
- September 11, 2001 (referenced throughout)
- Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov, "The Flight of the Bumblebee" (1.6)
- The unsolved Chandra Levy murder case (1.26)
- Alexander Graham Bell (1.33, 5.57)
- The Mona Lisa (5.1)
- Thomas Edison (5.57)
- Benjamin Franklin (5.57)
- Henry Ford (5.57)
- Eli Whitney (5.57)
- George Washington Carver (5.57)
- Nikola Tesla (5.57)
- The Wright Brothers (5.57)
- J. Robert Oppenheimer (5.57)
- Kofi Annan (5.60)
- Former French President Jacques Chirac (5.60)
- E.O. Wilson (5.60)
- Bill Gates (5.60)
- Vladimir Putin (5.60)
- Pablo Picasso (7.49)
- Winston Churchill (7.60, 7.64)
- Walter Cronkite (7.64)
- The Bay of Pigs (7.64)
- Kent State (7.64)
- Ayatollah Khomeini (7.64)
- Leon Trotsky (7.64)
- The Berlin Wall (7.64)
- Frank Lloyd Wright (7.64)
- The Spanish Civil War (7.64)
- Henry Kissinger (7.70)
- Che Guevara (7.72)
- Mahatma Gandhi (7.75)
- Ariel Sharon (7.84)
- Yasir Arafat (7.86)
- Pope John Paul II (7.91)
- Mohamed Atta (7.95)
- Claude Debussy, Sunken Cathedral (7.105)
- Joseph Stalin (7.112)
- The Great Depression (13.93)
- Antonin Scalia (15.4)
Pop Culture References
- The Beatles "Yellow Submarine" (1.1)
- The Beatles "I Am the Walrus" (1.36, 15.88, 17.155)
- Ringo Starr (3.17)
- Siegfried and Roy (5.60)
- Weird Al Yankovic (5.60)
- Gone with the Wind (7.64)
- Grace Kelly (7.64)
- Hula hoops (7.64)
- The Beatles, "Something in the Way She Moves" (7.65)
- Jeff Bezos (7.73)
- Arthur Ashe (7.78)
- Tom Cruise (7.79)
- Arnold Schwarzenegger (7.81)
- Martha Stewart (7.82)
- Mick Jagger (7.85)
- Wolfgang Puck (7.88)
- Marilyn Monroe (7.94)
- The Beatles, "Eleanor Rigby" (7.108)
- Emma Watson (9.33)
- Harry Potter (9.33)
- The Beatles, "Hey Jude" (9.107)
- An Affair to Remember (13.97)
- Sleepless in Seattle (13.97)
- Donald Trump (17.12)
- Barbie (17.13)