California's Population in 1850: 

• Female: 8%
• Male: 92%⁵

Non-Indian Population of California

• 1846: less than 8,000
• 1850: 92,597
• 1860: 379,994²
• Number of migrants to California between 1848 and 1854: more than 300,000¹

Indian Population of California

• 1846: 150,000
• 1860: 30,000³

Chinese Population of California

• 1848: 7
• 1852: 11,794
• Out of 11,794 Chinese in California in 1852, number who were women: 7⁴

Wage Averages

• 1848 average daily wage for laborers on the Erie Canal: 88¢⁶
• 1848 average daily earnings for California placer miners: $20⁷